Marlene M. Maheu (2004) ‘The Future of Cyber-Sex and Relationship Fidelity: Cyborg Theory’
http://www.selfhelpmagazine.com/article/node/1337(accessed 12 march 2011)
This article is concern about cyborg sexuality in the Internet that free from reality. Technology is a powerful tool for people to think the relationship between each other and the sexuality in society.
Cyborg is mixed people and machines or animals. Donna Haraway’s defined that ‘a cybernetic organism, as a hybrid of machine and organism, a creature of social reality as well as a creature of fiction.’ People are cyborgs when spending all time in computer to represent themselves.
Technology and humans combined into one, like man is a pacemaker or woman is a respirator. It can overcome the health problem. For example, Stephan Hawkings .
Robin Hamman, the interaction between humans and computer in the cybrogasms. He talks with a young woman named Rebecca in the America Online Chat Room. When Robin Hamman talks to Rebecca, she never represents her sexuality. Therefore, she does not have physically sex in the Internet. Her sex life is tied to computer and Chat Room or any other online systems. Robin Hammam said that ‘the boundary between the human and the machine has blurred.’ It means Rebecca become a cyborg.
Technology makes people go to the cyberspace. The sex and infidelity are reflected in the commitment and life. Technology is giving a new comment, that is totally different from the traditional view because people have an experience in new space. Enable them to show biology and technology, people can represent themselves have a well relationship. It can increase more understanding about the cyborg.
Ross, Charlotte (2005) ‘Creating the ideal posthuman body? Cyborg sex and gender in the work of Buzzati, Vacca, and Ammaniti.’
http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-135843180.html (accessed 12 March 2011)
This article is concern about the sex relationship of cyborg and the human. The writer said that the topic of this article is ‘indicate both sexed bodies and sex with cyborgs. Writer wants to discuss sexual and machine to identify the boundary about the psychology, identity and self and others.
The writer thinks that machinery cans stick to cyborg metaphor their sexual attraction through different way, for example, the stream engine. It may be another attraction. She think if people want to keep going on, it is necessary to clarify the gap between human and cyborg.
When the technology developed, if the investigation is ongoing male’s domination generation is change. It is the trend that Woman becomes powerful to develop by themselves. But, writer think that ‘despite frequent overt attempts to reinforce gender binaries as an inevitable, "natural" principle of human identity (and thus by extension cyborg identity).’ People can create and produce identity and sex in the internet.
Jennifer Breen (2007) ‘Cyber Gender’.
http://www.cyborgdb.org/breen.htm (accessed 13 March 2011)
This article is discussing change sex in the Internet. People can choose their gender they like. There are many reasons in respect of change their gender. Gender can be hidden in the internet, this include their sex, alternatively, some of then want to pretend the other sex make confused to others. Male change gender because they want to express female’s aspect. Female wants to change sex because woman has power in the Internet.
Haraway said that ‘“Cyborgs might consider more seriously the partial, fluid, sometimes aspect of sex and sexual embodiment. Gender might not be global identity after all, even if it has profound historical breadth and depth.’ Cyborg can change anything in anytime in the Internet. It is because cyborg is neither a man nor woman.
It is because cyberspace does not have real body in the real life. People can create a new character in the Internet and choose their personality they like. People can define them through the outlook. The writer said that, sexuality is not a stable in our world. People can choose the gender in the cyberspace.
J. Hughes(2007) ‘From Virtual Sex to No Sex?’
http://ieet.org/index.php/IEET/print/1348 (accessed 13 March 2011)
This article is concern about the sexuality in the cyberspace. Writer thinks that sex is defined by other direction and dangerous. Sex in the cyberspace is become safe. It is because this can make people avoid diseases and pregnancy. Also, convenient is another element because it is available any time you are and no boundary. The technology will expect to test people’s emotion. Therefore, expect cyborg also can imitate people. It may be able to displace people.
In the interent, people can treat themselves as either the woman or man that subject to their description in the internet. However, the writer said this is subjective opinion; it is because many people are like nature sex. Therefore, body sex will be displaced by physical sex. Last, people will directly to control or influence brain to partner and experience.
Writer said that, people would totally feel completely body sensation after forty years. Therefore, people have a good quality sex with partner. Also, people can control the neurochemistry of sex, the love and hope. People have a choice to choose what they like.
Adam Dobronyi (2011) ‘Cyborg Barbie, unable to perform gender roles’
http://www.wetheb.org/2011/01/cyborg-barbie-unable-to-perform-gender.html (accessed 14 March 2011)
This article is talking about the cyborg Barbie may not have gender. In 2010, a company creates a new Barbie. This Barbie has a camera in her body. Children can use this camera to watch and have interaction with Barbie. Therefore, children can through the camera and the small LCD screen to interact with Barbie. Nowadays, Barbie is a cyborg.
Donna Haraway said that ‘ pioneer of gender critical cyborg theory, writes that, "a cyborg is a cybernetic organism, a hybrid of machine and organism, a creature of social reality as well as a creature of fiction" in "A Cyborg Manifesto".’ And also said ‘The cyborg is a creature in a post-gender world; it has no truck with bisexuality, pre-oedipal symbiosis, unalienated labour, or other seductions to organic wholeness through a final appropriation of all the powers of the parts into a higher unity.’ Through the theory, cyborg must need have two standard, the first one, cyborg must include physically and organic. Another is cyborg must be genderless.
Barbie is technical product; it is because made entirely of technology, such as plastic, copper wires and circuit boards. But she is representing the technology. And Barbie has video recording and LCD screen in her body. Therefore, she is visually representing the cyborg.
Barbie also has on gender. Barbie has clearly body sharp and has great legs, its present a wonderful female body. However, writer think that Barbie’s great body sharp is removed from the real world gender roles. Thus, Barbie meets the second requirement. Barbie may become cyborgs in the future.
No comments:
Post a Comment